Of the international courier services, the Dutch company TNT is considered to have the most capable local fluency and efficacy for third- and fourth- tiered cities. These companies provide nominal worldwide service for both inbound and outbound shipments, connecting China to countries such as the US, Australia, United Kingdom, and New Zealand. International courier services in China include TNT, EMS International, DHL, FedEx and UPS. The only large company that provides a country-wide service is Australia Post. With such a vast mass of land to cover the courier companies tend to transport either by air or by the main transport routes and national highways. The courier business in Australia is a very competitive industry and is mainly concentrated in the high population areas in and around the capital cities. ( February 2008) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. While this type of service is the second costliest- general aviation charters are far more expensive-companies analyze the cost of service to engage an on-board courier versus the "cost" the company will realize should the product not arrive by a specified time (an assembly line stopping, untimely court filing, lost sales from product or components missing a delivery deadline, loss of life from a delayed organ transplant). On-board couriers are individuals who can travel at a moment's notice anywhere in the world, usually via commercial airlines. Many companies which operate under a just-in-time or "JIT" inventory method often use on-board couriers (OBCs). In cities, there are often bicycle couriers or motorcycle couriers but for consignments requiring delivery over greater distance networks, this may often include trucks, railroads and aircraft. In the Middle Ages, royal courts maintained their own messengers who were paid little more than common labourers. 1.): "Idcircone Cereales et Anabasii tui per diversas provincias cucurrerunt, ut laudes meas legerent?" ("Is it on that account that your Cereales and Anabasii circulated through many provinces, so that they might read my praises?") In Roman Britain, Rufinus made use of anabasii, as documented in Saint Jerome's memoirs ( adv. They were contemporary with the Greek hemeredromi, who carried their messages by foot. The word anabasii comes from the Greek ἀνάβασις( anábasis, "ascent, mounting"). Starting at the time of Augustus, the ancient Greeks and Romans made use of a class of horse and chariot-mounted couriers called anabasii to quickly bring messages and commands long distances. Judah's king, Hezekiah, dates between 200-400 BCE, where several couriers brought letters throughout the land of Judah and Israel (cf. The long-distance race known as a marathon is named for this run. Xenophon attributed the first use of couriers to the Persian prince Cyrus the Younger.įamously, the Ancient Greek courier Pheidippides is said to have run 26 miles from Marathon to Athens to bring the news of the Greek victory over the Persians in 490 BCE. Before the introduction of mechanized courier services, foot messengers physically ran miles to their destinations. In ancient history, messages were hand-delivered using a variety of methods, including runners, homing pigeons and riders on horseback. These offer services worldwide, typically via a hub and spoke model.Ĭouriers services utilizing courier software provide electronic proof of delivery and electronic tracking details.Ī Ya-Yieh or Yamen Runner in Western China, 1915 Large courier companies include DHL, DTDC, FedEx, EMS International, TNT, UPS, India Post, J&T Express and Aramex. As a premium service, couriers are usually more expensive than standard mail services, and their use is normally limited to packages where one or more of these features are considered important enough to warrant the cost.Ĭourier services operate on all scales, from within specific towns or cities, to regional, national and global services. Typically, a courier provides their courier service on a commercial contract basis however, some couriers are government or state agency employees (for example: a diplomatic courier).Ĭouriers are distinguished from ordinary mail services by features such as speed, security, tracking, signature, specialization and individualization of express services, and swift delivery times, which are optional for most everyday mail services. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī courier is a person or organization that delivers a message, package or letter from one place or person to another place or person. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points.
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